PMC

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11637812/

 

 

Highlights

• A comprehensive side-by-side comparison of different instrumental variable (IV) methods in binary outcome and continuous exposures with many IVs was performed.
• The findings indicated that the bias associated with these methods could not be fully addressed.
• The use of multiple IV methods (e.g., one method for primary analysis and another for sensitivity analysis) may be helpful.

Selected Result